Kovalev, V. A. Politekonomisty ponevole: Richard Lakhman «Kapitalisty ponevole. Konflikt elit i ekonomicheskie preobrazovaniya v Evrope rannego Novogo vremeni» i metodologiya neomarksizma [Political economists in spite of themselves. Richard Lachman’s «Capitalists in spite of Themselves. Elite Conflict and Economic Transitions in Early Modern Europe» and neomarxist methodology], in: Proslogion: Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Social History and Culture, 2017. Vol. 3 (1). P. 258–266.
Victor Aleksandrovich Kovalev, Doctor of History, assistant professor, St. Petersburg State University of the Humanities and Social Sciences (192238, Rossiya, Sankt-Peterburg, ulitsa Fuchika, dom 15)
onuphriyphd@gmail.com
Language: Russian
This review of Richard Lachman’s «Capitalists in spite of themselves» shows pluses and minuses of the research. Also in the review actual historiography issues are discussed and neomarxist methodology came under criticism. The criticist argues that the key issue of the research is Marxist’s thesis of the distributive role of the authorities and economical reductionism. Accepting Pierre Bourdieu conception of social and symbolic capital, Lachman returns to the classical Marxist conception of base (economy) and superstructure (power, policy culture and other). The role of the symbolic, social, military, spiritual capital became downgraded and diminished. Benefit of the research is attention to the historical process in Italian city-states which set aside of the researcher’s attention very often. Also other form’s of non-classical form of medieval power and society structuring, the Holy Empire, the spiritual knight’s Orders, the city’s unions, etc. are left by Lachman unattended, because of their disengagement in transition to capitalist economy. His interesting conception of «vertical» and «horizontal» absolutism wasn’t developed because of the researcher’s inattention to non-material and mythological forms of power. In spite of references to Paul-Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu works, Lachman continues to envisage political power as a distributive structure. Being interesting and very informative, Lachman’s research inherits Marxist’s paradigm deficiencies.
Key Words: Neo-history, Marxism, neo-Marxism, Foucault, Braudel